How to become a veterinary oncologist

How to become a Veterinary Oncologist

Becoming a veterinary oncologist involves a specific pathway, including an undergraduate degree, veterinary school, and specialized training. Here is an overview of the educational requirements:

High School Diploma or Equivalent
Earn a high school diploma or equivalent. High school education provides a foundation in basic communication and math and organizational skills, and it lays the groundwork for further learning.

Bachelor's Degree
Obtain a relevant bachelor's degree from an accredited institution. Since not all schools offer an undergraduate program in veterinary medicine, many aspiring veterinarians opt for a degree in animal sciences, biology, zoology, or another related discipline. Typical prerequisite coursework for veterinary school includes classes in biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics.

Veterinary College Admission Test (VCAT)
Prepare for and take the Veterinary College Admission Test (VCAT). This standardized test assesses prospective veterinary students’ academic and scientific knowledge in areas such as biology, chemistry, and physics, as well as reading comprehension, quantitative reasoning, and problem-solving abilities.

Apply to Veterinary School
It's important to note that admission to veterinary school is competitive, and meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee acceptance. Applicants often need a strong academic record, relevant animal experience, letters of recommendation, and a well-prepared application.

Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) Degree
Apply to and complete a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) program at an accredited veterinary school. These programs typically last four years and provide a broad foundation in veterinary medicine through a combination of classroom instruction and hands-on clinical experience. Core coursework focuses on subjects such as anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, pathology, general surgery, and clinical skills. Practical experience is gained through clinical rotations and externships in various aspects of veterinary medicine, including oncology.

Practical Experience
During veterinary school, gain hands-on experience working with animals. This can be obtained through volunteering or part-time employment at veterinary clinics, animal shelters, research institutions, conservation organizations, or on farms or ranches. Ideally, seek out opportunities to work with vets who specialize in oncology.

Licensing Exam
After completing the DVM program, graduates must pass the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE) or a state-specific licensing exam to become licensed to practise veterinary medicine.

Internship
Gain clinical experience in general veterinary practice or complete a one-year rotating internship. This provides a foundation in various aspects of veterinary medicine, including small and large animal internal medicine, before specializing in oncology.

Veterinary Oncology Residency
Three-to-four-year oncology residencies accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) provide extensive training in medical oncology, surgical oncology, radiation oncology, and other related areas, in preparation for the Board examination of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) in the oncology specialty.

During the residency, candidates work under the supervision of experienced board-certified veterinary oncologists, gaining hands-on clinical experience and demonstrating competency in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer in animals.

Continuing Education
Veterinary oncology is a dynamic field, in which staying informed about the latest advancements and emerging issues is crucial. Engage in continuing education, attend conferences, and participate in professional development and networking activities within the veterinary and veterinary oncology communities.

Certification
The primary organization responsible for certifying veterinary oncologists is the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM). Here's an overview of ACVIM’s certification process in the oncology specialty:

• Residency Training / Clinical Competence (see Veterinary Oncology Residency section above)
• Case Logs and Requirements – Candidates must maintain detailed case logs, documenting the types of cases they have managed and the procedures they have performed. These logs are submitted as part of the board certification process.
• Examination – Candidates must pass a comprehensive examination administered by the ACVIM. The examination tests their knowledge and competency in veterinary oncology.
• Board Certification – After meeting all the requirements, candidates are eligible to apply for board certification. Once approved, they become Diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Oncology). This certification is a recognition of their expertise and specialization in veterinary oncology.

Advanced Training
Some veterinary oncologists choose to pursue additional advanced training or fellowships in specific areas of oncology, such as medical oncology or radiation oncology. This optional training develops expertise in a particular aspect of the field and can enhance career opportunities.

Professional Organizations
In addition to the ACVIM, the following organizations support the veterinary oncology community by fostering collaboration and providing resources and advocacy:

• Veterinary Cancer Society (VCS) – The Veterinary Cancer Society is an international organization dedicated to advancing the knowledge and treatment of cancer in animals. It provides a forum for veterinary professionals, including oncologists, to share research and collaborate on advancements in the field.
• European Society of Veterinary Oncology (ESVONC) – ESVONC is a European organization that brings together veterinary professionals with an interest in oncology. It aims to promote excellence in veterinary oncology through education, research, and collaboration.
• International Society of Veterinary Dermatopathology (ISVD) – While not specific to oncology, the ISVD focuses on veterinary dermatopathology, which includes the study of skin tumors in mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Veterinary oncologists with a specialization or interest in dermatologic oncology may find this organization relevant.
• American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) – The AVMA is a comprehensive association representing the broader field of veterinary medicine in the United States.